EarlyDx: An Admission-Anchored Benchmark for Open-Ended Generation of Evidence-Supported ED-Encounter Diagnoses

arXiv cs.AIAugust 3, 2026en

arXiv:2607.28788v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Clinical diagnosis at hospital admission must be made rapidly from limited, incomplete evidence. Existing diagnosis-prediction benchmarks are poorly suited to this setting: they restrict prediction to closed code sets, exclude free-text notes, and supervise with discharge diagnoses that incorporate the full inpatient course. We introduce EarlyDx, a large-scale benchmark for open-ended early diagnosis, built from 154,834 emergency department encounters in MIMIC-IV. Each encounter is restricted to records available at admission time $t_0$ and supervised by the diagnoses recorded during the ED encounter rather than at discharge. An LLM auditor fur

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