Evaluating Counterfactual Sensitivity to Patient Information in Medication-Safety Reasoning

arXiv cs.AIAugust 5, 2026en

arXiv cs.AI

AI Global Wire

arXiv:2608.03028v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Applying a valid medication-safety rule when its patient-specific conditions are not met can produce an incorrect decision. Existing medical evaluations largely use isolated and fixed scenarios. A model may therefore answer correctly by recalling a drug-risk association without showing that it used patient information to decide whether the rule applies. To address this gap, we introduce MedPIC-Bench, a benchmark of source-verifiable recommendations and expert-validated questions for patient-specific medication-safety reasoning. It combines guideline-following questions with paired counterfactual questions in which a controlled change in patient

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