HalluPeer: A Taxonomy-driven Benchmark for Detecting Hallucinations in Scientific Peer Reviews

arXiv cs.AISeptember 4, 2026en

arXiv:2609.03580v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The growing scale of academic peer review has motivated the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) as review assistants, yet LLMs can generate fluent but unsupported claims that undermine review reliability. Existing hallucination benchmarks are not designed for peer review, where verification requires grounding claims in long, technical papers. We introduce HalluPeer, a benchmark for detecting hallucinations in scientific peer reviews, providing aligned triples of paper content, human-written reviews, and hallucination-injected reviews, annotated for detection, classification, and localization. Our pipeline induces a peer-review-specific hallucin

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