Math Reasoning in LLMs is Organized by Approach, Not Topic

arXiv cs.AISeptember 24, 2026en

arXiv cs.AI

AI Global Wire

arXiv:2609.27041v2 Announce Type: new Abstract: Mathematical reasoning benchmarks are typically organized by topic, but language models may organize their internal computation by reusable reasoning approach instead. In this paper, we investigate whether open math-capable LLMs organize internally by topical sub-skill or by reasoning approach, and we present evidence that the approach is the key. We introduce a generation-replay protocol: a model first generates a solution, after which we replay the exact prompt-plus-generation trajectory and extract activation-importance signatures over the reasoning tokens. We cluster these signatures without supervision across eight models and five mathemat

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