Route-and-Generate: KL-Regularized Router Improvement for Reasoning Routing in LLMs

arXiv cs.AIOctober 23, 2026en

arXiv:2610.30351v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models often apply complex reasoning indiscriminately, leading to overthinking on simple tasks and underthinking on harder ones. We present Route-and-Generate (Rouge), a hierarchical training framework that enables LLMs to adaptively decide when and how much reasoning is required for each input. Our approach decouples reasoning effort allocation from answer generation by introducing a routing policy that allocates a fixed sampling budget across multiple reasoning formats, while the base model is optimized with GRPO using per-sample rewards. To promote efficient reasoning, we employ a rank-based reward that favors shorter correct

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