Automating Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) Formulation Generation from Natural Language

arXiv cs.AISeptember 12, 2026en

arXiv:2609.10629v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) is a central formulation for combinatorial optimization and has gained increasing attention due to its compatibility with quantum, hybrid quantum-classical, and quantum-inspired solvers. However, translating natural-language problem descriptions into correct QUBO formulations remains difficult, requiring the identification of binary variables, constraints, objective functions, penalty terms, and suitable penalty weights. This process is time-consuming and often demands substantial domain expertise. To address this challenge, we propose an end-to-end multi-agent framework that automatically gene

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