Toward Safe LLM Agents: A Survey of Specification, Verification, and Enforcement

arXiv cs.AIAugust 18, 2026en

arXiv:2608.14590v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: LLM agents increasingly perform irreversible real-world actions, including database updates, API calls, file operations, and autonomous use of tools. However, no existing system provides formally grounded, task-level safety guarantees for the plans these agents generate. Research remains fragmented across specification, verification, and enforcement, limiting understanding of the strengths and limitations of existing approaches. To address this gap, we conducted a PRISMA 2020 systematic review of 38 studies published between 2022 and 2026 and retrieved from six academic databases. Our analysis reveals four key findings. First, the specification

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