Open-world AI: a Tale of Three Requirements

arXiv cs.AIOctober 16, 2026en

arXiv:2610.20782v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The closed world asks AI for specialized competence and lets it manufacture the iid data its theory assumes: a fixed criterion licenses collecting examples until the task is covered. The open world asks for versatility --- taking up tasks a machine was not built for, from few examples and with little prior from a human designer --- and offers data that is grouped, not shuffled. Its tasks are not known in advance, so a machine must do inference-time learning (1st requirement). Modeling tasks as sharing latent factors and decomposing the training objective, we derive two more: a *rich representation*, retaining more than iid generalization requir

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