Position: Medical AI Neglects Real Treatment Outcomes

arXiv cs.AIAugust 18, 2026en

arXiv:2608.14598v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Medical AI has rapidly improved its ability to perform diagnostic and prognostic tasks that lead to treatment decisions. But understanding of treatment itself is still inadequately trained and evaluated, using human opinions and syntheses (especially texts such as biomedical publications and clinical practice guidelines) rather than actual underlying data on treatment outcomes. This neglect seriously limits the potential of medical AI, and is already causing deficiencies in both frontier models and major benchmarks, as argued in this position paper. Real treatment outcomes, drawn from sources such as observational databases and randomized exper

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